Background: The global burden of morbidity and mortality from sexually transmitted infections (STIs) determines quality of life, sexual and reproductive health, and neonatal and child health. STIs also indirectly facilitate the sexual transmission of HIV and lead to cellular changes that precede some cancers.
There are 357 million new cases of curable STIs each year among people aged 15-49. The prevalence of some viral STIs is also high, with 417 million people infected with herpes simplex type 2 and approximately 291 million women infected with human papillomavirus (World Health Organization [WHO], 2016). These epidemics have a profound impact on the health and lives of children, adolescents, and adults around the world: fetal and neonatal deaths, cervical cancer, infertility, and risk of HIV infection. The physical, psychological, and social consequences of STIs seriously affect the quality of life of those infected (WHO, 2016).
WHO's main public health goal is to end STI epidemics by 2021. The targets for 2030 are: to eliminate AIDS; to reduce Treponema pallidum and Neisseria gonorrhoeae by 90%; to reduce congenital syphilis by 50% or less per 100,000 live births in 80% of countries; to maintain 90% national coverage, with at least 80% regional coverage, of the HPV vaccine in countries with a national immunization program (WHO, 2016).
Objectives: This study aims to develop health education strategies concerning STIs; know the sexual representations and practices in different groups; combat forms of stigmatization and discrimination; support the training of nursing students and health professionals; promote healthy sexual attitudes and behaviors among the population; carry out actions on STI prevention; promote and raise awareness about screening and close relationships with health teams; involve the media, as an information strategy.
Methodology: As recommended by WHO (2016), efforts will be directed towards combined, behavioral, biomedical and structural approaches based on evidence. Concerning research methods, quantitative and qualitative approaches will be adopted according to the intended objectives. The tools will be appropriate to the context, and the data will be processed accordingly and for the intended purpose. The opinion of the ethics committee and the informed consent of the participants will be obtained. For other actions (awareness, education, training, dissemination), ethical rigor in the relationship with participants and data processing will always be a priority. All actions will be evaluated.
Expected outcomes: Increased knowledge of the population about STIs; obtaining knowledge about sexual representations and practices of different groups; destigmatization of people with STIs, especially people with HIV and AIDS; better training of nursing students and health professionals; increased awareness of the population about STIs; research, scientific production; dissemination of knowledge.
Conclusion: The associated study will allow for improved results in the prevention of STIs in general and HIV infection in particular. There will be greater training and awareness among the population, students and professionals, contributing to better practices and behavioral changes. Knowledge of STIs will increase, enabling their reduction and achieving the WHO goals and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
Scientific research and dissemination will contribute to science and society.
Este estudo tem como objetivos desenvolver estratégias de educação em saúde a nível das IST; conhecer as representações e práticas ao nível da sexualidade nos diferentes grupos; combater formas de estigmatização e descriminação; contribuir para a formação dos estudantes de enfermagem e profissionais de saúde; incentivar a atitudes e comportamentos sexuais saudáveis junto das populações; realizar ações que conduzam à prevenção das IST; divulgar e sensibilizar para os rastreios e aproximação às equipas de saúde; envolver os media, como estratégia de informação.
Cunha-Oliveira, A., Caramelo, F., Patrício, M., Camarneiro, A. P.; Massano-Cardoso, S., & Pita, J. R. (2017). Impacto de um programa de intervenção educativa nos comportamentos sexuais de jovens universitários. Revista de Enfermagem Referência, (13) Série IV, 71-82. ISSNp: 0874-0283.
Cunha-Oliveira, A.; Cunha-Oliveira, J.; Cardoso, Ilda; Pita, J. R., & Massano-Cardoso, S. (2011). Adaptação para a Língua Portuguesa da Escala de Embaraço face ao Preservativo. Interações: Sociedade e as Novas Modernidades, 11 (20),133-150. ISSN:0873-0725.
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, WHO Regional Office for Europe (2018). HIV/AIDS surveillance in Europe 2018 – 2017 data. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe
Matos, M. G., Reis, M., Ramiro, L., & Equipa Aventura Social. (2012). A saúde sexual e reprodutiva dos estudantes universitários: Relatório do estudo: Dados nacionais 2010.
UNAIDS (2015). UNAIDS Strategy 2016-2021. One tlhe Fast – track to end AIDS. Geneva.
Direção-Geral da Saúde (2017). Programa Nacional para a Infeção VIH, Sida e Tuberculose 2017. Lisboa: Direção-Geral da Saúde.
Ministério da Saúde. Direção-Geral da Saúde (2018). Infeção VIH e SIDA Ӏ Desafios e Estratégias 2018 Lisboa: Direção-Geral da Saúde.
WHO (2016). Global Health Sector Strategy on Sexually Transmitted Infection 2016-2021: Towards Ending STIs. WHO: Geneva.
United Nations General Assembly resolution 70/1 – Transforming our world: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/21252030%20Agenda%20for%20Sustainable%20Development%20web.pdf
Resultados esperados:
01/01/2019
01/01/2025
DETERMINANTS AND INTERVENTIONS IN COMMUNITY HEALTH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
Well-being and Health Promotion